diff --git a/_episodes/01-design.md b/_episodes/01-design.md index 7d5a5b852c9142f4fcb2239d41d28e9524352d5b..4e52f873b9d3e3760bd5a34e3b30ce4dd0f8116a 100644 --- a/_episodes/01-design.md +++ b/_episodes/01-design.md @@ -1,126 +1,8 @@ --- title: "Lesson Design" -teaching: 10 -exercises: 0 -questions: -- "How do we design lessons?" -objectives: -- "Describe the reverse instructional design process." -- "Describe the purpose and implementation of formative assessments." -keypoints: -- "Lessons are design in four stages: conceptual, summative, formative, and connective." +redirect_to: +- https://carpentries.github.io/curriculum-development/ --- -This episode describes how we go about designing lessons and why. -For more information on how we design lessons and why, -see [the instructor training course][training]. +Test text. -## Reverse Instructional Design - -### Idealized - -In principle, -we design lessons in four stages: - -1. **Conteptual:** describe target audience, - overall lesson's goals, - and how long it is going to be. - - **Example**: - - a. A lesson for people who have taught themselves - how to write page-long statistical analyses in R using RStudio, - but have never written functions or run programs from the Unix shell prompt. - - b. Lesson's overall goal is to teach them how to write modular programs - and how to use `dplyr` to regularize their analyses. - - c. Esimated time: half a day. - - It's often helpful to use [concept maps][concept-maps] in this stage. - -2. **Summative Assessment:** - figure out how learners will demonstrate that they have mastered the material. - - **This is the most important step** because - it determines the scope of the lesson. - - **Example**: - Write a four-function program - to load, clean up, analyze, and plot a collection of medical data sets. - -3. **Formative Assessments:** describe exercises that learners will do during the lesson. - - It wouldn't be fair to ask someone to parallel park on a driving test - if they'd never done it before. - Therefore, two formative assessments in a driving course might be - "back up" and "parallel park between safety cones". - -4. **Connect the Dots**: - put the formative assessments in order - and develop lesson episodes to go from one to the next. - - It is common to sketch a concept map for each lesson episode, - both to outline its key ideas - and to check that it's not too big. - The ordering of lesson episodes is constrained by dependencies - but is usually not completely determined by them: - there are often several different orders in which ideas can sensibly be introduced. - It is common to discover a need for more formative assessments at this stage; - to continue with the driving example, - the lesson author might realize that a third exercise on turning while backing up is needed - (since many people initially turn the steering wheel the wrong way when they're in reverse). - - -### In practice - -In practice, the process often looks more like this: - -1. Draft the assumptions and major outcomes. - -2. Describe the summative assessments for each half day of material - (i.e., one summative assessment for a three-hour lesson and two for a full-day lesson). - -3. Write a one- or two-line description of the formative assessments - building up to those summative assessments. - These should be used ideally every 5 minutes and at least every 10-15 minutes. - -4. Get early feedback from peers, - particularly on how realistic the time estimates are. - -5. Do a second pass to flesh out the assumptions and assessments. - -6. Get more feedback. - -7. Start writing the lesson content. - -Steps 1-6 are best done in a single Markdown file for easy review; -if you are using this template, -you should call it `_extras/design.md`. -Once work starts on step 7, -the detailed milestones should be moved into lesson episode files. -For an example of this, -see the [novice Python lesson using the gapminder data][python-gapminder]. - -## What Makes a Good Formative Assessment - -The two purposes of formative assessment are -(a) to help learners prepare for the summative assessment and -(b) to tell them and their instructor *during the lesson* -whether they're making progress (and if not, what obstacles they have hit). -If lesson episodes are 10-15 minutes long, -then formative assessments should take no more than 5 minutes. -This means that formative assessments should be: - -* multiple choice questions, -* debugging exercises - (in which the learner is given a few lines of code that do the wrong thing - and asked to find and fix the bug), or -* extensions of examples show in the lecture. - -Good formative assessments do *not* require learners to write lots of code from scratch: -it takes too long, -there are usually too many possible right solutions to discuss in just a couple of minutes, -and many novices find a blank page (or screen) intimidating. - -{% include links.md %}